Correct Answer: (C) Kanishka
Notes: Kanishka was the most powerful ruler of the Kushana Dynasty. He expanded his empire across Central Asia, Afghanistan, and northern India. He is famous for promoting Buddhism, encouraging trade along the Silk Route, and supporting art, literature, and learning. For exams, remember: Kanishka = Greatest Kushana Ruler.

Correct Answer: (B) Purushapura
Notes: Purushapura, modern-day Peshawar in Pakistan, served as the capital of Kanishka’s empire. Due to its strategic location, it became an important center of trade, administration, and Buddhist activities. It connected India with Central Asia through major trade routes.

Correct Answer: (C) Fourth Buddhist Council
Notes: Kanishka convened the Fourth Buddhist Council to discuss and preserve Buddhist teachings. This council played an important role in the development of Mahayana Buddhism. It is considered one of the most significant events in the history of Buddhism during the Kushana period.

Correct Answer: (C) Kundalvana (Kashmir)
Notes: The Fourth Buddhist Council was held at Kundalvana in Kashmir during the reign of Kanishka. Buddhist scholars gathered there to compile and discuss Buddhist doctrines. The council greatly contributed to the spread of Mahayana Buddhism in Asia.

Correct Answer: (B) Vasumitra
Notes: Vasumitra served as the president of the Fourth Buddhist Council. He was a respected Buddhist scholar who guided the discussions and compilation of Buddhist texts. His leadership helped preserve and systematize Buddhist teachings during the Kushana period.

Correct Answer: (B) Mahayana
Notes: Kanishka strongly supported Mahayana Buddhism. During his reign, Mahayana teachings spread widely across Central Asia, China, and other parts of Asia. The worship of Buddha in human form and the development of Buddhist images became more prominent during this period.

Correct Answer: (B) 78 CE
Notes: The Kanishka Era is traditionally associated with 78 CE and is often identified with the Saka Era. This era is important in Indian chronology and is still used in the official Indian National Calendar.

Correct Answer: (A) Nagarjuna
Notes: Nagarjuna was one of the greatest Buddhist philosophers and is considered the founder of the Madhyamaka School of Mahayana Buddhism. He is traditionally associated with Kanishka’s period and played a major role in the development of Buddhist philosophy.

Correct Answer: (C) Buddhist philosopher and poet
Notes: Ashvaghosha was a renowned Buddhist scholar, philosopher, dramatist, and poet. He lived during the reign of Kanishka and contributed significantly to Buddhist literature. His works helped spread Buddhist teachings and are considered masterpieces of Sanskrit literature.

Correct Answer: (A) Buddhacharita
Notes: Buddhacharita is an epic poem written by Ashvaghosha that narrates the life and teachings of Gautama Buddha. It is one of the earliest and most important Sanskrit works on Buddhism. For exams, remember: Ashvaghosha → Buddhacharita → Kanishka Period.